NIPT is a non-invasive prenatal test that has made revolutionary changes in medical science. NIPT test detects the chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus, especially the chances of trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), trisomy 18 (Edward syndrome), and trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome). Whether you are carrying a pregnancy for the first time or have been before, it is essential to check whether your baby has any risk of chromosomal disability or not. So that you can prepare yourself accordingly.
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NIPT Test, a risk free screening test
NIPT has no health complications like other diagnostic procedures. It is a completely secure and safe screening test done after the 10th week of pregnancy. It provides the crucial information on the baby’s genetic condition. NIPT test is a simple process and is done by collecting blood samples from pregnant mothers. The blood is taken to the laboratory for fetal cfDNA analysis. Normally, within 1-2 weeks, you will receive the result. In case of a higher risk of chromosomal disability syndrome in the fetus, you may be advised to do chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for confirmation.
Who should do the NIPT test?
Women above 35 years of age are generally recommended NIPT test during pregnancy. In case of any existence of a family history of chromosomal disability, or who had complexities in previous pregnancies is suggested to do a NIPT test. However, you should always consult with a healthcare physician before going through any medical test.
Chromosomal abnormalities prediction by NIPT test
The NIPT test gives accurate results in 99% of cases for chromosomal abnormalities, and there are only a few cases where it shows a false positive or false negative result.
Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, risk: This syndrome occurs when the fetus has an extra copy of chromosome 21. The chances of this chromosomal abnormality increase significantly with age. Small hands or feet, weak muscles, and intellectual disabilities are the common symptoms of this syndrome.
Trisomy 18, or Edward syndrome, risk: This syndrome occurs when a fetus has three copies of chromosome 18 instead of two. Poor growth before and after birth, learning disability, and heart or kidney problems are common symptoms of this syndrome.
Trisomy 13, or Patau syndrome, risk: Patau syndrome occurs when a fetus has one extra copy of chromosome 13 with two copies. The child with this syndrome normally has cerebral defects, polydactyly, cleft lip, cleft palate, or trigger thumbs.
The NIPT test is a reliable and early detection process for identifying any genetic abnormalities within the fetus. It serves as a valuable tool for the expecting parents. You can do the test after consultation with your health physician to see if is there any risk of chromosomal abnormalities existing in your child and make an informed decision.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I do the NIPT test?
Normally, health professionals suggest you do the NIPT test after the 10th week of pregnancy.
Why is NIPT non-invasive?
It does not require any surgical intervention; it simply collects a blood sample from the mother to do the analysis without harming the fetus or mother.
How is the NIPT test performed?
NIPT test checks the cfDNA released from the placenta of mother’s body from bloodstream to do the assessment.
